The Cornell Lab Bird Academy › Discussion Groups › Bird Photography with Melissa Groo › Practice Matching Your Gear to Your Goals
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I have multiple goals that I use my photography to provide. I love nature, landscapes, birds, flowers, and like to focus on different series to tell the story. I paint, draw and am learning to do nature journaling. I like to document the birds I see, I participate in Feeder Watch, Nest Watch, and I study the birds in my neighborhood as well as attending bird festivals and planning travel to areas that have migration activity to see new species. I have on old Nikon D90 work horse with a telephoto 28-200mm, and I use a 2x teleconverter. It has been a great camera, but I am at a crossroad thinking of upping my equipment capability with a more powerful zoom 200-500mm and making the technology transition to a mirrorless camera. Still trying to decide which brand and version would serve me best.
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My goals are pretty simple, I think. I want to take clear, close up photos of the birds I see, at my feeders, around the lake where I live, and on outings, mainly for sharing online. I have a hand-me-down Panasonic Lumix bridge camera that I'm just learning to use, a teleconverter, and a serviceable tripod. I'll keep note of the benefits and trade-offs so that when/if I'm ready to upgrade, I'll have a good idea of what's next. I also picked up a Vortex scope with smartphone adaptor and a better tripod last month, so I can work on getting a good view of the pair of bald eagles nesting across the lake, about 1/4-mile away. I'm also researching camera bags so that I can take the show on the road when the mood strikes.
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I have been an amateur photographer for years. I love to go the photo studio, arrange the set of lights and get my models in there. Usually they follow instructions pretty well. As a result, I have had beautiful shots (some of the friends I have taken pictures to, keep using them in their social media after several years). With birds is quite different. Birds usually do not stay still, they tend to hide or, after seeing me with curiosity, just fly away before I even get the camera ready. I have hundreds of photos of lonely tree branches and grounds full of leaves but without any birds on it.
Then, one of my goals, right now, is to understand birds better, so I can figure out when and under which conditions I can get the best picture of them –and to stop dreaming about the easiness of working with my models in the photo studio. My gear is really basic (Canon 90D and a 70-300 mm lens), but enough for now, as I am starting to learn. When I got more expertise, I will need improved optics, for sure!
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though my bird photos are ok or better then ok as I have been told. I want to make faster and better better settings when out , on the fly so to speak, so I do not miss the shot. like any thing else need to practice and read the light and how the subject is moving .
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By photographing birds, I observe them more closely and understand them better; the process is more important than the goal. I am drawn to photos that show off the behaviour and personality of the birds, putting them in a living context rather than prioritizing
a pretty or artistic shot, although it is great when that happens too. For me, the plain browns are as interesting as the sparklers. I love the razor-sharp images that professionals get, but I would have to shed twenty years and go back to the gym before I could carry all the gear. I use a Nikon D500 with a 300 mm prime lens. After listening to Melissa, I will use my tripod more often, perhaps with a gimbal, and I may get a 1.4X teleconverter, something that I have so far shied away from. I take a lot of shots, mostly throwaways, and am striving to understand my camera better to improve my strike rate.
Little corellas (Cacatua sanguinea), Nikon D500, 300 mm 1/1250s, F/8, ISO 320 with 0.67eV. -
I looked at lots of images in the Macaulay library and I'm very drawn to crisp, close-up shots of birds in their natural environments. I love it when a photo is so clear you can see the individual barbs of the bird's feather, or the tiny feathers of the eye-ring, or a reflection in the bird's eye. One photo I saw captured a small droplet of water or dew on top of a chickadee's head! This is the kind of photo I'd be thrilled to take.
I currently own a Nikon D5100 which I've had for 8 or 9 years. I have a Nikon 70-300mm zoom lens and a Nikon 300mm fixed lens, which I use with a 1.4x teleconverter. I got the 300mm used/refurbished from Adorama, and it squeaks when it focuses, but it works well enough. So... even though my equipment is not brand new, I feel it fits my ability level for the time being.
My primary goal for this course is to learn more about how to use the equipment I have - as well as learn new techniques for taking great pictures. Over the years I've taken some pretty good shots of birds - but I always feel this happens by accident, not by design. I'm hoping this course helps me increase my knowledge of how to use my camera and lenses to capture better photos of birds! -
I've been taking ok photos of wildlife for quite a time with my Olympus OMD EM1, had a Mk1 to start with then upgraded to Mk2 when my original took too much of a beating and died. I've been considering upgrading to a Canon full body for awhile because their glass is something else. Most of the photos I was drawn to for sharpness and colour were taken with Canon EOS bodies and zooms. A friend who is a professional photographer recently bought the EOS R6 and reckons, although not full body, that it's pretty good! I think I'm going to go for it.
I also need to replace my tripod. I wanted a carbon fibre, I cheaped out, I have regrets (too heavy, awkward). I've been getting by with propping my camera on rocks and a little gorilla pod for ages, but it's not great.
End game is that I want to consistently take photos that I'm proud of. Be nice to have a hobby sideline selling the odd print. I go to some great places and see some great wildlife, with work and hiking in my personal life - I should be taking better photos. Hence this course. -
Enjoying the course! I’m curious what sort of head to use with the monopod. Thanks in advance!
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I’ve taken photography courses before so I knew some basics but I always forget and need to brush up. I was working with a Nikon D3500 with a 200-500 zoom lens. My husband had purchased a refurbished Nikon teleconverter 2x. I didn’t get to use it before I dropped the base of my camera and broke the base.😑 I’ll be purchasing an upgraded camera now that I know more about the f-stops.
My goals are:
To know more about cameras that are better for bird photography,
Learn more bird photography specific skills. I’d heard of aperture but didn’t connect with the need for a low Fstop for bird photography for dawn and dusk hours.
I’d also like to know more about filters and hoods in use for bird photography. -
My goals for this course is to develop my photography skills, learn more about camera and understand the settings. I have a Nikon D3500. It is an excellent camera, but do not believe it works well in low-light. I will keep experimenting. And I have 2 lens, a macro lens and a telephoto lens. But once I develop my skills more and get better pictures I may invest in a better telephoto lens that has a higher zoom.

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Truly, I'm just a small time backyard birder with modest goals of capturing images of the avian creatures who visit my bird feeders. I've been a photography hobbyist for many years but my equipment is old, dated, and in need of complete "refreshing" in both quality and technology. My budget could afford a reasonably good "bridge" camera.
Nevertheless, like I told my young children when they begged for the latest shiny new gadget, "Play with the toys you have!" So I mounted the cheap lens on a tripod, attached the iPhone with an adaptor/holder, and took some pictures. Not exactly "magazine quality" but good for my own memories and life list verification.

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I am currently working with a Sony A7iii and the 200-600 g oss lens. I am have been on the fence about investing in the 1.4 teleconverter but I think I am definitely going to go for it now. The Sony is cool because it has the built in crop feature which essential extends the reach of the lens but you lose A LOT of your megapixels when you do that. I am hoping to get better at tracking and finding birds. I am also hoping to become more skilled at operating my camera. I sometimes miss focus in low light situations but I know that the camera is capable of getting these shots, I just have not mastered the settings.
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As a novice birder (2 years) and photographer (< 6 months), I am a bit overwhelmed by the vocabulary when discussing camera gear. My goal is to capture photos to assist me in identifying birds that I see (usually on purposeful birding hikes with small groups of like-minded folks). I received a Panasonic DC-FZ80 (now I know this is a "point and shoot" camera) for Christmas and began using it in January (in automatic mode). After 3 birding trips, my success rate in getting a bird in the picture that could be identified was 30%. I observed some Youtube videos about my specific camera before going back in the field... I'm now at about 70-80% but have discovered many limitations to my camera and especially, to my skill level:
- camera - only works with decent lighting (not good in the common morning marine layer fogginess of my southern California environment), focus limits - birds cannot be "too far" away, motion - birds in motion not captured well, noise - the click of the shutter scares some birds away
- skill - lack of ability to "find" the bird through the viewfinder (especially sneaky birds like warblers and wrens), hand or arm fatigue (arthritis and "trapping" syndrome leading to numbness), slowness - by the time I put my binoculars down and get the camera out, bird has moved on, trouble if I accidently press a button on the camera that changes any function (one day it went into 4K burst mode and the battery died soon after)
My specific goal for taking this course is to understand more about my camera and be able to move out of automatic mode, or at least understand why I should not do this!!
A couple of photos I'm proud of... common yellowthroat (commonly heard but not seen so very difficult to capture)
and a snowy egret.
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My Goals are to capture as many different species of Ontario as I can but also to improve as a Photographer. Catching birds in action .
I will need an dslr and at least a 200-500 mm lens. This is equipment that I already own. A 1.4 teleconverter would be a great addition.
I also need to be more patient and learn to bring and use my tripod or monopod -
I upgraded my tripod this year. I now have a Benro carbon fiber tripod with a Benro gimbal head. Looking forward to using it out and about this year. I use a Tamron 150-600 zoom with my Nikon D750.

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I am an artist who loves to draw and paint wildlife - and to go for hikes looking for wildlife. In spite of being a bit shy of technology, I attained proficiency in Photoshop. My goal now is to learn more about photography, but only to take better reference photos of wildlife for my art and personal interest. So, I have the the Canon Power Shot SX60HS and think it is probably ideal for someone like me. Since I am almost 70, I am concerned about ergonomics and bought a Black Rapid sling strap today for carrying my camera at the hip level - rather than hanging from the neck. I also recently bought a strap for my binoculars, which keep them close to my chest while hiking and readily accessible for use. It's spring now, with frequent rain, so I bought the OpTech rain cover Melissa recommended, too. I was surprised to learn at the camera store that this means I could take photos in the rain....I had assumed it was just to protect it :)
I was very pleased to learn more about Macaulay Library and enjoyed the homework assignment. It's an interesting way to develop a sense of what one likes in artistic effects and to understand the technology better. I looked at Steven Mlodinow's beautiful photos of Sandhill Cranes because I hope to see them on my next hike. I loved the warm colors of the birds in the foreground - especially with the glow of the water and blurred reeds in the background. I also liked the composition and the arrested sense of movement. I enjoyed the fact there were other species present besides cranes and think I tend to be drawn more to scenes with an abundance of birds than solitary birds. -
A little over a year ago I upgraded my camera body to a Nikon D850 from a Nikon D7100. I considered a mirrorless camera at the time but couldn’t afford it. I’ve since replaced the original 200-500 Nikkor Zoom lens with a Tamron G2 150-600 Zoom. The lighter weight and longer focal length of the Tamron has been helpful but after going through this lesson, I’m considering whether to get a 1.4 teleconverter and use it with my original lens to see what opportunities that could provide. When I lived in Oregon, there were several places I could use my car as a blind, but that option has been extremely limited in Idaho, where I now live. It also isn’t feasible to set up a blind several days in advance of using it on public land as it would get stolen or trashed. Most private land is closed to bird photographers unless you have a personal relationship with the landowner.
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I used a Canon SX 60 Zoom for the first 4 years. I liked the versatility and the portability. I got decent shots of stationary birds that were fairly close, but never a decent shot of a flying bird. Then I bought an Olympus mirrorless camera with a 100-400mm zoom lense. I've had success with that, and have gotten some decent photos of birds in flight. I get the best results when there is sun at my back. I find it difficult to get sharp photos of small birds on the ground, unless they are very close. I suspect the shallow angle formed by the ground surface and the direction my camera is pointing makes focusing more difficult.
I used to like to fill up the frame with the bird, using my crop feature. Now I pay more attention to the surroundings of the bird.
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One major goal is clear crisp images - not easy when significantly cropping a photo to feature the bird. To that end, a couple of years ago I upgraded my camera to the D7500 and lens to the 300mm f/4 PF with a 1.4x teleconverter and the 200-500mm beast. Both produce nice sharp photos, but I may be the only person on the planet who prefers the 300mm+1.4x combo. I can carry it anywhere and hold it up in shooting position for a long time. But I still need improved sharpness on distant birdies and poorer light conditions. So using advice from Melissa's lectures, I got a gimbal head for my tripod and a beanbag for my car and for low-down shooting. You'll see a photo below from each stabilizer.
The Macaulay library is new to me and its a great resource. The other day I was walking in foggy conditions and suddenly an owl flew out from the top of a spar about 200 feet off the road. Followed by another owl from the trees! Our local owls are Barred and Great Horned. I didn't even have time to raise my binocs before they were back into trees. While the underwing coloring was more pale like a Barred, the library shows several photos of the Great Horned from atop spars, while Barred owls were pictured from within trees, which is what I'm familiar with. So it could have been a Great Horned Owl, which would be a life-lister for me. But that's not a definitive sighting.
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The goals I set for myself include learning the ability to shoot manually, and starting to wean off of auto. I have a beginner Nikon body with a nice 200-500mm Nikon lense. I'm getting great shots so far, and I put myself in great positions where I do not rely on the camera to try to make a bad scenario into a good photo. However, my goal is get that extra quality out of my shot by understanding exact what settings I am shooting with at any given time to maximize my potential.
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I'd like to practice more patience in approaching the birds in a couple locations: my backyard, our camp on a river and a local conservation area. Equipment wise I'm in the very early stages of thinking about another camera but would first like to maximize some of the settings on the modest Canon PowerShot I have. Here are a couple photos, mockingbirds and juvenile merlin, I managed to capture last spring with a little patience and fortunate timing.

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My goals are fairly simple. I bought myself a DSLR with two lenses (one up to 50mm, the other up to 700mm) last year and I am pretty intimidated to use it. I want to transition away from taking quick snaps on my cell phone of birds you can barely see, to "real" photographs. I want to learn the patience needed to take deliberate shots with the right focus and light so that other people can see what I see.
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My desire to photograph birds came from wanting to observe greater detail of the bird and to better capture their behaviors. I had been working for years with a bridge camera and moved to DSLR last year fighting my intimidation and concern that the need to focus on the equipment would overtake the desire to relax and learn more about my subjects. After beginning this wonderful course I received for Christmas, I have set new/additional goals based upon what I didn't know. One of these goals is to use my car as a blind to simplify observing birds in placing other than my yard or on hikes. I simply added a sandbag to use over the car window (and to rest my camera on for easy access near a window) to my gear and I was in business. Rolling slowly down a country road yesterday on a road trip to view Sandhill Cranes, I was surprised to also see and photograph a Merlin perched in a tree and a Red-shouldered Hawk grabbing a crayfish. I'm a believer. I have a long way to go toward achieving my goals but would not have experienced these precious moments without an introduction to using a car blind. Can't wait to learn about post-production as you can see.


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I've always enjoyed nature in any form but what pushed me into being a birder was @CarlBovisNature and @CarlBovis on twitter. His photos are fabulous. I bought his book "100 birds". I check his twitter page every day to see what is new. I asked him what camera he uses, a Sigma 150-600mm, and I bought one. Now, I just need to keep working because my photos can't compare to his!


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My main goal is to help identify and document my observations. Producing top quality images is not a priority now, although I expect it to become increasingly important as I become more adept. I've been using a point and shoot camera (Canon Powershot ELPH 190 IS) which of course in extremely limited -- only useful for birds perched, on the ground or in the water at close range, like the White Winged Surf Scoter attached. I am attracted to the simplicity of a bridge camera, but in the end, it's too limited. So I am buying a mirrorless Olympus E-M1 Mark II from a friend.
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I have been an amateur photographer for years. I love to go the photo studio, arrange the set of lights and get my models in there. Usually they follow instructions pretty well. As a result, I have had beautiful shots (some of the friends I have taken pictures to, keep using them in their social media after several years). With birds is quite different. Birds usually do not stay still, they tend to hide or, after seeing me with curiosity, just fly away before I even get the camera ready. I have hundreds of photos of lonely tree branches and grounds full of leaves but without any birds on it.
a pretty or artistic shot, although it is great when that happens too. For me, the plain browns are as interesting as the sparklers. I love the razor-sharp images that professionals get, but I would have to shed twenty years and go back to the gym before I could carry all the gear. I use a Nikon D500 with a 300 mm prime lens. After listening to Melissa, I will use my tripod more often, perhaps with a gimbal, and I may get a 1.4X teleconverter, something that I have so far shied away from. I take a lot of shots, mostly throwaways, and am striving to understand my camera better to improve my strike rate.
I’ve taken photography courses before so I knew some basics but I always forget and need to brush up. I was working with a Nikon D3500 with a 200-500 zoom lens. My husband had purchased a refurbished Nikon teleconverter 2x. I didn’t get to use it before I dropped the base of my camera and broke the base.😑 I’ll be purchasing an upgraded camera now that I know more about the f-stops.

and a snowy egret.






